Welcome to the Netherlands!
To start, most people here can read and write in English, so feel free to ask any questions in English.
There is a list of cheeses with vegetarian rennet, which is in Dutch, but because most names on the list are brand names, it is probably usable for you too. You can find it
here:
There is a 'Vegetarian Trademark' in the Netherlands, but it is not used very often.
A good supermarket to buy vegetarian products is the Albert Heijn supermarket, they have vegetarian burgers etc. of the brand Tivall. Very tasty.